Thursday, 23 October 2014
k.kamarajar nadar
k kamaraj nadar
K. Kamaraj was a leader of sterling qualities. His entire life spanning a little over seven decades was dedicated to the country and its people. From a simple volunteer and worker, he rose to the highest position by not only circumstances but sincere service and sacrifice. Like Lal Bahadur Shastri, his humility, affability, sincerity integrity coupled with selflessness and devotion were unparallel.
Unlike the average politicians, he never pushed himself forward. He imbibed this great quality form his school days when “once on Vinayaka Chaturthi celebration in his school the boys were asked to contribute each about half an anna. When, after the puja, the prasadam (fried rice) was being distributed, as usual, there was clamour and rush among the boys to get their share. Kamaraj quietly stood aside until the rush was over and then he went to receive the prasadam. Very little was left for him. When he went home with it, his grandmother asked why he got so little. Kamaraj said that he did not want to rush in with others.
When Mahatma Gandhi started his non-cooperation movement (1921-22), Kamaraj was a boy. Ten years later, in 1930, he offered Satyagraha to break the Salt Law. He was arrested and sentenced to two years imprisonment. During the Quit India Movement (August 1942), Kamaraj who was 39, organized party workers in Tamil Nadu. He returned to Virudhunagar after finishing his work where a police warrant was waiting for him.
He himself informed the police sub inspector that he was ready to be arrested. Though the sub inspector, a nationalist at heart, told him be could take it easy and he could arrest him later, Kamaraj said he had finished all his work and there was no point in delaying. He was taken into custody and detained under the Defence of India Rules and sent to Vellore Jail, where already there ware a number of other leaders. For three years he was under detention without trial and released in 1945.
Kamaraj became Chief Minister of Madras state on April 13, 1957. According to Ramaswamy Venkataraman (who later became the President of India) it was Jawaharlal Nehru who insisted that Kamaraj should succeed Rajaji as Chief Minister.
Kamaraj became Chief Minister of Madras state on April 13, 1957. According to Ramaswamy Venkataraman (who later became the President of India) it was Jawaharlal Nehru who insisted that Kamaraj should succeed Rajaji as Chief Minister.
Kamaraj perhaps had the smallest council of ministers in India - just eight. Whenever correspondents asked him whether there would be any changes in the cabinet, he remarked cryptically “after five years”.
With a rural background, sound common sense and a burning desire to serve the people, he introduced free education upto the secondary stage, mid-day meals for indigent school children, expanded rural communication. His tenure of a decade in office was marked by all round progress and development in Tamil Nadu in industry, power, education and community development. People describe it as the “golden age” of the state.
With a rural background, sound common sense and a burning desire to serve the people, he introduced free education upto the secondary stage, mid-day meals for indigent school children, expanded rural communication. His tenure of a decade in office was marked by all round progress and development in Tamil Nadu in industry, power, education and community development. People describe it as the “golden age” of the state.
The Congress Working Committee met in October 1963 to consider the election of a new President to succeed D. Sanjivaiah whose term expired at the end of 1963. Nehru was in favour of Kamaraj and the Working Committee unanimously proposed his name. Kamaraj himself never even dreamt that he would land himself in the Congress Presidential chair. He never sought or aspired for it. It was the force of circumstances, and cumulative effect of events that led him on to the top. Nehru had developed a great admiration for Kamaraj for his ability as an organizer and his proven success as an administrator. It is an established fact that office never tempted Kamaraj and the service of the nation came above all other considerations.
He formulated in all sincerity and with the best of intentions, the famous Kamaraj Plan, under which senior ministers in government led by Nehru were to leave office and strengthen the Congress Organization. He was of the view that the concentration of all talents in administration had depleted the organization of strong and able men for party work and that interchange of leaders from Government to party work was one of the ways of strengthening the organization. Unfortunately, neither did the leaders after leaving the Government devote themselves to party work, nor did they remain comfortable out of office. But his Plan was novel and original and truly reflected the stuff of which Kamaraj was made.
Events following his assumption of office as the President of the Indian National Congress brought to the fore his great abilities as a statesman. When the whole world was reverberating: “After Nehru, Who?” Kamaraj lent his shoulders to stabilize the nation edifice and to affect a smooth succession. After the demise of Nehru in May 1964, Lal Bahadur Shastri assumed the reins of Prime Minister. Likewise, on the unexpected demise of Lal Bahadur Shastri in 1966, Kamaraj played a key- role once again in effecting smooth succession. The country was able to prove to the world that it is a strong, stable and unshakeable democracy under the leadership of Indira Gandhi.
On October 2, 1975, he felt pain in the chest. A doctor living nearby was called but before his arrival, he was no more. In recognition of his services, the country’s highest honour Bharat Ratna was conferred on him posthumously in the same year
k.kamarajar nadar
k.kamarajar nadar
"Face the problem. Don't evade it. Find a solution, however small. People will be satisfied if you do something." - By the Great Leader of an integrity and simplicity Kamaraj to his government, were his rule was considered as a Golden Times of Tamil Nadu.
Kamaraj who born on 15 July, 1903, in Virudhunagar of Tamil Nadu, form a trading family, was lived as integrity and simple himself. He was a drop out from school, but a great genius who realized the important of education, has educated himself during his imprisonment in freedom struggle. Being interested in politics, he skips his job in his uncle’s cloth shop and attends public meetings, but his relatives disappointed in his interest and send to Thiruvananthapuram to timer shop.
At the age of 16, as a full-time Congress worker, he also participated in the march to Vedaranyam as part of the Salt Satyagraha. Kamaraj was arrested when he was 27 and sent to Jail in Calcutta for two years. Kamaraj was arrested again for two times and sent to Vellore Central Prison while he was on his way to Wardha to get Gandhiji's approval for a list of satyagrahis and sentenced to three years in the Amaravathi prison for spreading propaganda material for the Quit India movement initiated by Gandhiji. Who can do than our Kamaraj who went straight to the Municipality and tendered his resignation from his post of Municipal Council of Madurai to felt that one should not accept any post to which one could not do full justice.
Kamaraj's political guru and inspiration was S. Satyamurti, orator and parliamentarian. Both developed a deep friendship and complemented each others' skills. In 1936, Satyamurti was elected President of the Provincial Congress Committee and he appointed Kamaraj the General Secretary. After becoming a Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu his most important aim was on the education that he didn’t got. So he removed the family vocation based Hereditary Education Policy and reopened the 6000 schools closed by previous government for financial reasons and also added 12000 more schools. The State made immense strides in education and trade. New schools were opened, so that poor rural students were to walk no more than 3 miles to their nearest school; Better facilities were added to existing ones; No village remained without a primary school and no panchayat without a high school. Kamaraj strove to eradicate illiteracy by introducing free and compulsory education up to the eleventh standard and also introduced the Mid-day Meal Scheme to provide at least one meal per day to the millions of poor school children at the first time in the whole world. He introduced free school uniforms to weed out caste, creed and class distinctions among young minds.
Kamaraj remained Chief Minister for three consecutive terms. On October 2, 1963, he resigned from the Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Post and proposed that all senior Congress leaders should resign form their posts and devote all their energy to the re-vitalization of the Congress. He also suggested to Nehru that senior Congress leaders should leave ministerial posts to take up organizational work to be known as Kamaraj Plan, which was designed primarily to dispel from the minds of Congressmen the lure for power, creating in its place a dedicated attachment to the objectives and policies of the organisation. Well impressed by the achievements and acumen of Kamraj, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru felt that his services were needed more at the national level. In a swift move he brought Kamaraj to Delhi as the President of the Indian National Congress.
Becoming a 'Congress President' and successfully navigated the party and the nation through the stormy years following Nehru's death. Kamaraj’s political maturity came in full view when Nehru died in 1964. How he settled the succession issue for the Prime Ministership was amply proved by his choice of Lal Bahadur Shastri and Indira Gandhi in succession. On October 2, 1975, Gandhi Jayanti day, Kamaraj awoke from his afternoon nap feeling uneasyand the next morning he left this world in his sleep. He was honored with the highest civilian honour, the 'Bharat Ratna' posthumously in 1976.
Our God Thiru. K. Kamaraj NADAR
Our God Thiru. K. Kamaraj NADAR
Early life
Kamaraj was born on 15 July 1903 to Kumarasamy Nadar and Sivakami Ammal at Virudhunagar in Tamil Nadu. His parents were from a trading family. His father Kumarasamy Nadar, was a coconut merchant. Kamaraj was initially enrolled in the Enadhy Nayanar Vidyalaya elementary school, and later in high school Kshatriya Vidyalaya. Kamaraj's father died when he was six years old and his mother was forced to support her family by selling her jewellery. In 1914, Kamaraj dropped out of school to support his family.
Start in politics and freedom struggle
Kamaraj joined as an apprentice in his maternal uncle Karuppiah's cloth shop after dropping out of school. He would slip out from the shop to join processions and attend public meetings addressed by orators like Dr. P. Varadarajulu Naidu . His relatives frowned upon Kamaraj 's budding interest in politics. They sent him to Thiruvananthapuram to work at another uncle's timer shop.
At the age of 16, Kamaraj enrolled himself as full-time worker of the Congress Party. He invited speakers, organized meetings and collected funds for the party. He also participated in the march to Vedaranyam led by C. Rajagopalachari as part of the Salt Satyagraha of March 1930.
Kamaraj was arrested and sent to Alipore Jail in Calcutta for two years. He was 27 at the time of his arrest and was released in 1931 following the Gandhi-Irwin Pact. Kamaraj was implicated in the Virudhunagar bomb case two years later.Dr P. Varadarajulu Naidu and George Joseph argued on Kamaraj's behalf and proved the charges to be baseless. Kamaraj was arrested again in 1940 and sent to Vellore Central Prison while he was on his way to Wardha to get Gandhiji's approval for a list of satyagrahis.
While still in jail, Kamaraj was elected Chairman of the Municipal Council of Viruthunagar. Nine months later, upon his release, Kamaraj went straight to the Municipality and tendered his resignation from his post. He felt that "one should not accept any post to which one could not do full justice."
Kamaraj was arrested once more in 1942 and sentenced to three years in the Amaravathi prison for spreading propaganda material for the Quit India movement initiated by Gandhiji. While in prison, Kamaraj read books and continued his self-education.
In 1945 C. Rajagopalachari tried to make a comeback within the Congress organisation in Tamil Nadu. He had the support of Gandhi and Sardar Patel, but the majority of in the Tamil Nadu Congress Committee opposed him. A conference was held in Tirupparankundram, in which the leadership should be elected. Chaos broke about during the conference, as warring factions confronted each other. Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar interrupted the disputes and passed a motion reelecting Kamaraj as the TNCC President.
With Satyamurti
Kamaraj's political guru and inspiration was S. Satyamurti, orator and parliamentarian. Satyamurti found in Kamaraj "an efficient, loyal, indefatigable worker and skillful organizer (p. 147, Pakshirajan)." Both developed a deep friendship and complemented each others' skills. In 1936, Satyamurti was elected President of the Provincial Congress Committee and he appointed Kamaraj the General Secretary. Four years later they swapped positions. The party base was strengthened under their leadership. So deep was Kamaraj's devotion to Satyamurti that when India gained independence, he first went to Satyamurti's house and hoisted the Indian flag there. On his election as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, Kamaraj went to Satyamurti's house and garlanded his photo and paid his respects to the leader's widow.
Chief Ministership
On 13 April 1954, K. Kamaraj became the Chief Minister of Madras Province. To everyone's surprise, Kamaraj nominated C. Subramaniam and M. Bhakthavatsalam, who had contested his leadership, to the newly formed cabinet.
Education
Kamaraj removed the family vocation based Hereditary Education Policy introduced by Rajaji. He reopened the 6000 schools closed by previous government for financial reasons and also added 12000 more schools. The State made immense strides in education and trade. New schools were opened, so that poor rural students were to walk no more than 3 miles (4.8 km) to their nearest school. Better facilities were added to existing ones. No village remained without a primary school and no panchayat without a high school. Kamaraj strove to eradicate illiteracy by introducing free and compulsory education up to the eleventh standard. He introduced the Mid-day Meal Scheme to provide at least one meal per day to the lakhs of poor school children (first time in the whole world). He introduced free school uniforms to weed out caste, creed and class distinctions among young minds.
During British regime the education was only 7 percent. But in Kamaraj's period it was 37% . During Rajaji's period there were 12000 schools in the state. Whereas it was 27000 in the period of Kamaraj.
Kamaraj was born on 15 July 1903 to Kumarasamy Nadar and Sivakami Ammal at Virudhunagar in Tamil Nadu. His parents were from a trading family. His father Kumarasamy Nadar, was a coconut merchant. Kamaraj was initially enrolled in the Enadhy Nayanar Vidyalaya elementary school, and later in high school Kshatriya Vidyalaya. Kamaraj's father died when he was six years old and his mother was forced to support her family by selling her jewellery. In 1914, Kamaraj dropped out of school to support his family.
Start in politics and freedom struggle
Kamaraj joined as an apprentice in his maternal uncle Karuppiah's cloth shop after dropping out of school. He would slip out from the shop to join processions and attend public meetings addressed by orators like Dr. P. Varadarajulu Naidu . His relatives frowned upon Kamaraj 's budding interest in politics. They sent him to Thiruvananthapuram to work at another uncle's timer shop.
At the age of 16, Kamaraj enrolled himself as full-time worker of the Congress Party. He invited speakers, organized meetings and collected funds for the party. He also participated in the march to Vedaranyam led by C. Rajagopalachari as part of the Salt Satyagraha of March 1930.
Kamaraj was arrested and sent to Alipore Jail in Calcutta for two years. He was 27 at the time of his arrest and was released in 1931 following the Gandhi-Irwin Pact. Kamaraj was implicated in the Virudhunagar bomb case two years later.Dr P. Varadarajulu Naidu and George Joseph argued on Kamaraj's behalf and proved the charges to be baseless. Kamaraj was arrested again in 1940 and sent to Vellore Central Prison while he was on his way to Wardha to get Gandhiji's approval for a list of satyagrahis.
While still in jail, Kamaraj was elected Chairman of the Municipal Council of Viruthunagar. Nine months later, upon his release, Kamaraj went straight to the Municipality and tendered his resignation from his post. He felt that "one should not accept any post to which one could not do full justice."
Kamaraj was arrested once more in 1942 and sentenced to three years in the Amaravathi prison for spreading propaganda material for the Quit India movement initiated by Gandhiji. While in prison, Kamaraj read books and continued his self-education.
In 1945 C. Rajagopalachari tried to make a comeback within the Congress organisation in Tamil Nadu. He had the support of Gandhi and Sardar Patel, but the majority of in the Tamil Nadu Congress Committee opposed him. A conference was held in Tirupparankundram, in which the leadership should be elected. Chaos broke about during the conference, as warring factions confronted each other. Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar interrupted the disputes and passed a motion reelecting Kamaraj as the TNCC President.
With Satyamurti
Kamaraj's political guru and inspiration was S. Satyamurti, orator and parliamentarian. Satyamurti found in Kamaraj "an efficient, loyal, indefatigable worker and skillful organizer (p. 147, Pakshirajan)." Both developed a deep friendship and complemented each others' skills. In 1936, Satyamurti was elected President of the Provincial Congress Committee and he appointed Kamaraj the General Secretary. Four years later they swapped positions. The party base was strengthened under their leadership. So deep was Kamaraj's devotion to Satyamurti that when India gained independence, he first went to Satyamurti's house and hoisted the Indian flag there. On his election as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, Kamaraj went to Satyamurti's house and garlanded his photo and paid his respects to the leader's widow.
Chief Ministership
On 13 April 1954, K. Kamaraj became the Chief Minister of Madras Province. To everyone's surprise, Kamaraj nominated C. Subramaniam and M. Bhakthavatsalam, who had contested his leadership, to the newly formed cabinet.
Education
Kamaraj removed the family vocation based Hereditary Education Policy introduced by Rajaji. He reopened the 6000 schools closed by previous government for financial reasons and also added 12000 more schools. The State made immense strides in education and trade. New schools were opened, so that poor rural students were to walk no more than 3 miles (4.8 km) to their nearest school. Better facilities were added to existing ones. No village remained without a primary school and no panchayat without a high school. Kamaraj strove to eradicate illiteracy by introducing free and compulsory education up to the eleventh standard. He introduced the Mid-day Meal Scheme to provide at least one meal per day to the lakhs of poor school children (first time in the whole world). He introduced free school uniforms to weed out caste, creed and class distinctions among young minds.
During British regime the education was only 7 percent. But in Kamaraj's period it was 37% . During Rajaji's period there were 12000 schools in the state. Whereas it was 27000 in the period of Kamaraj.
Kamaraj Statue in Marina Beach, Chennai depicting his contribution to education in the state.
Apart from increasing number of schools, steps were taken to improve standard of education. To improve the standards number of working day were increased from 180 to 200. Unnecessary holidays were reduced. Syllabus were prepared to give opportunity to various abilities.
Kamaraj and Sri Bishnuram Medhi (Governor) took efforts to start the IIT Madras in 1959.[8]
Agriculture
Major irrigation schemes were planned in Kamaraj's period . Lower Bhavani, Mani Muthuar , Cauvery Delta , Aarani River , Vaigai Dam , Amravathi , Sathanur , Krishnagiri , Pullambadi , Parambikulam and Neyyaru Dams were among them . The Lower Bhavani Dam in Coimbatore district was constructed with an expenditure of Rs 10/- Crores. 207,000 acres (840 km2) of land are under cultivation.
45,000 acres (180 km2) of land are benefited through Mettur canal of Salem. Another scheme was Krishnagiri in the same district. Vaigai , Sathanur facilitate to cultivate thousands of acres of lands in Madurai and North Arcot districts respectively. Rs 30 crores were planned to spend for Parambikulam River scheme in Kamaraj's period. This has helped for the development of Coimbatore district in agriculture field.
Number of dams were constructed under his rule are
Apart from increasing number of schools, steps were taken to improve standard of education. To improve the standards number of working day were increased from 180 to 200. Unnecessary holidays were reduced. Syllabus were prepared to give opportunity to various abilities.
Kamaraj and Sri Bishnuram Medhi (Governor) took efforts to start the IIT Madras in 1959.[8]
Agriculture
Major irrigation schemes were planned in Kamaraj's period . Lower Bhavani, Mani Muthuar , Cauvery Delta , Aarani River , Vaigai Dam , Amravathi , Sathanur , Krishnagiri , Pullambadi , Parambikulam and Neyyaru Dams were among them . The Lower Bhavani Dam in Coimbatore district was constructed with an expenditure of Rs 10/- Crores. 207,000 acres (840 km2) of land are under cultivation.
45,000 acres (180 km2) of land are benefited through Mettur canal of Salem. Another scheme was Krishnagiri in the same district. Vaigai , Sathanur facilitate to cultivate thousands of acres of lands in Madurai and North Arcot districts respectively. Rs 30 crores were planned to spend for Parambikulam River scheme in Kamaraj's period. This has helped for the development of Coimbatore district in agriculture field.
Number of dams were constructed under his rule are
Manimuthar Dam,
Vaikai Dam.
Aliyar Dam.
Sathanur Dam.
Krishnagiri Dam.
In 1957-61 1,628 Tanks were de-silted under Small Irrigation Scheme 2000 wells were digged with outlets. Long term loans with 25% subsidy were given to farmers. Apart from formers who are having dry lands were given oil engines , electric pump sets on installment basis.
150 lakhs of acres of lands were cultivated during Kamaraj's period. One third of this i.e. 56 lakhs of acres of land got permanent watering facility.
Industrial Development
Industries with huge investments in crores of Rupees were started in his period. Neyveli Lignite Scheme, Raw photo film industry at Nilgri, Surgical instruments factory at Guindy, Sugar factories , Bi-Carbonates factories, Cement factories, Railway Coach factory at Perambur, Mettur paper industry were started in the period of Kamaraj. These are the back-bone for the development of the nation.
Other industries which were started his period are
Vaikai Dam.
Aliyar Dam.
Sathanur Dam.
Krishnagiri Dam.
In 1957-61 1,628 Tanks were de-silted under Small Irrigation Scheme 2000 wells were digged with outlets. Long term loans with 25% subsidy were given to farmers. Apart from formers who are having dry lands were given oil engines , electric pump sets on installment basis.
150 lakhs of acres of lands were cultivated during Kamaraj's period. One third of this i.e. 56 lakhs of acres of land got permanent watering facility.
Industrial Development
Industries with huge investments in crores of Rupees were started in his period. Neyveli Lignite Scheme, Raw photo film industry at Nilgri, Surgical instruments factory at Guindy, Sugar factories , Bi-Carbonates factories, Cement factories, Railway Coach factory at Perambur, Mettur paper industry were started in the period of Kamaraj. These are the back-bone for the development of the nation.
Other industries which were started his period are
BHEL, Trichy.
Neyveli Lignite Corporation.
MANALI Refinary Ltd.
Other
Many schemes were started to generate electicity like Guntha hydro power station, Ooty hydel power station and Neyveli thermal power station. During his period, Tamil Nadu was developing in all fronts.
Kamaraj remained Chief Minister for three consecutive terms, winning elections in 1957 and 1962. Kamaraj noticed that the Congress party was slowly losing its vigor. He came up with a plan which was called the "Kamaraj Plan".
On 2 October 1963, he resigned from the Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Post. He proposed that all senior Congress leaders should resign from their posts and devote all their energy to the re-vitalization of the Congress.
In 1963 he suggested to Nehru that senior Congress leaders should leave ministerial posts to take up organisational work. This suggestion came to be known as the Kamaraj Plan, which was designed primarily to dispel from the minds of Congressmen the lure for power, creating in its place a dedicated attachment to the objectives and policies of the organisation. Kamaraj was elected President, Indian National Congress, on 9 October 1963.
Well impressed by the achievements and acumen of Kamraj, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru felt that his services were needed more at the national level. In a swift move he brought Kamaraj to Delhi as the President of the Indian National Congress. Nehru realised that if he had wide learning and vision, Kamaraj possessed enormous common sense and pragmatism.
Kamaraj's First Cabinet
Kamaraj's council of ministers during his first tenure as Chief Minister(13 April 1954 - 31 March 1957)
Minister Portfolios
K. Kamaraj Chief Minister, Public and Police in the Home Department
M. Bhaktavatsalam Agriculture, Forests, Fisheries, Cinchona, Rural Welfare, Community Projects, National Extension Scheme, Women’s Welfare, Industries and Labour and Animal Husbandry and Veterinary
C. Subramaniam Finance, Food, Education, Elections and Information and Publicity and Law (Courts and Prisons)
A. B. Shetty Medical and Public Health, Co-operation, Housing and Ex-servicemen.
M. A. Manickavelu Naicker Land Revenue, Commercial Taxes and Rural Development
Raja Sri Shanmuga Rajeswara Sethupathi Public Works, Accommodation Control, Engineering Colleges, Stationery and Printing including Establishment questions of the Stationery Department and the Government Press
B. Parameswaran Transport, Harijan Uplift, Hindu Religious Endowments, Registration and Prohibition
S. S. Ramasami Padayachi Local Administration
Changes
Following the States Reorganisation Act of 1956, A. B. Shetty quit the Ministry on 1 March 1956 and his portfolio was shared between the other ministers.
Kamaraj's Second Cabinet
Kamaraj's council of ministers during his second tenure as Chief Minister(1 April 1957 - 1 March 1962)
Minister Portfolios
K. Kamaraj Chief Minister, Public, Planning and Development (including Local development Works, Women's Welfare, Community Projects and Rural Welfare), National Extension Scheme
M. Bhaktavatsalam Home
C. Subramaniam Finance
R. Venkataraman Industries
M. A. Manickavelu Naicker Revenue
P. Kakkan Works
V. Ramaiah Electricity
Lourdhammal Simon Local Administration
Kamaraj's Third Cabinet
Kamaraj's council of ministers during his third tenure as Chief Minister(3 March 1962 - 2 October 1963)
minister Portfolios
K. Kamaraj Chief Minister, Public, Planning and Development (including Local development Works, Women's Welfare, Community Projects and Rural Welfare), National Extension Scheme
M. Bhaktavatsalam Finance and Education
Jothi Venkatachalam Public Health
R. Venkataraman Revenue
S. M. Abdul Majid Local Administration
P. Kakkan Agriculture
V. Ramaiah Public Works and Revenue
N. Nallasenapathi Sarkarai Mandradiar Cooperation and Forests
G. Bhuvaraghan Publicity and Information
Electoral history
Year Post Constituency Party Opponent Election Result
1937 M.L.A Sattur INC Unopposed 1937 elections Won
1946 M.L.A Sattur-Aruppukottai INC Unopposed 1946 elections Won
1952 M.P Srivilliputtur INC G. D. Naidu Indian General Elections, 1951 Won
1954 M.L.A Gudiyatham INC V. K. Kothandaraman By Election Won
1957 M.L.A Sattur INC Jayarama Reddiar Madras legislative assembly election, 1957 Won
1962 M.L.A Sattur INC P. Ramamoorthy Madras legislative assembly election, 1962 Won
1967 M.L.A Virudhunagar INC P. Seenivasan Tamil Nadu state assembly election, 1967 Lost
1969 M.P Nagercoil INC M. Mathias By Election Won
1971 M.P Nagercoil INC (O) M. C. Balan Indian General Elections, 1971 Won
Leaving the congress
When the Congress split in 1969, Kamaraj became the leader of the INC (O) in Tamil Nadu. The party fared poorly in the 1971 elections. He remained as the leader of INC (O) till his death in 1975.
Advice to his ministers
Kamaraj gave a simple advice to his ministers, "Face the problem. Don't evade it. Find a solution, however small. People will be satisfied if you do something." Followed by him a number of Central and State ministers like Lal Bahadur Shastri, Jagjivan Ram, Satyendra Narayan Sinha, Morarji Desai and S.K. Patil followed suit and resigned from their posts. In 1964, Kamaraj was elected 'Congress President' and he successfully navigated the party and the nation through the stormy years following Nehru's death. Kamaraj’s political maturity came in full view when Nehru died in 1964. How he settled the succession issue for the Prime Ministership was amply proved by his choice of Lal Bahadur Shastri and Indira Gandhi in succession.
Death
On October 2, 1975, Kamaraj died in his sleep. He was awarded India's highest civilian honour, the 'Bharat Ratna' posthumously in 1976.
Popular culture
In 2004 a Tamil Movie about his life was released titled "Kamaraj". The English version of the film was released on DVD in 2007.
Neyveli Lignite Corporation.
MANALI Refinary Ltd.
Other
Many schemes were started to generate electicity like Guntha hydro power station, Ooty hydel power station and Neyveli thermal power station. During his period, Tamil Nadu was developing in all fronts.
Kamaraj remained Chief Minister for three consecutive terms, winning elections in 1957 and 1962. Kamaraj noticed that the Congress party was slowly losing its vigor. He came up with a plan which was called the "Kamaraj Plan".
On 2 October 1963, he resigned from the Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Post. He proposed that all senior Congress leaders should resign from their posts and devote all their energy to the re-vitalization of the Congress.
In 1963 he suggested to Nehru that senior Congress leaders should leave ministerial posts to take up organisational work. This suggestion came to be known as the Kamaraj Plan, which was designed primarily to dispel from the minds of Congressmen the lure for power, creating in its place a dedicated attachment to the objectives and policies of the organisation. Kamaraj was elected President, Indian National Congress, on 9 October 1963.
Well impressed by the achievements and acumen of Kamraj, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru felt that his services were needed more at the national level. In a swift move he brought Kamaraj to Delhi as the President of the Indian National Congress. Nehru realised that if he had wide learning and vision, Kamaraj possessed enormous common sense and pragmatism.
Kamaraj's First Cabinet
Kamaraj's council of ministers during his first tenure as Chief Minister(13 April 1954 - 31 March 1957)
Minister Portfolios
K. Kamaraj Chief Minister, Public and Police in the Home Department
M. Bhaktavatsalam Agriculture, Forests, Fisheries, Cinchona, Rural Welfare, Community Projects, National Extension Scheme, Women’s Welfare, Industries and Labour and Animal Husbandry and Veterinary
C. Subramaniam Finance, Food, Education, Elections and Information and Publicity and Law (Courts and Prisons)
A. B. Shetty Medical and Public Health, Co-operation, Housing and Ex-servicemen.
M. A. Manickavelu Naicker Land Revenue, Commercial Taxes and Rural Development
Raja Sri Shanmuga Rajeswara Sethupathi Public Works, Accommodation Control, Engineering Colleges, Stationery and Printing including Establishment questions of the Stationery Department and the Government Press
B. Parameswaran Transport, Harijan Uplift, Hindu Religious Endowments, Registration and Prohibition
S. S. Ramasami Padayachi Local Administration
Changes
Following the States Reorganisation Act of 1956, A. B. Shetty quit the Ministry on 1 March 1956 and his portfolio was shared between the other ministers.
Kamaraj's Second Cabinet
Kamaraj's council of ministers during his second tenure as Chief Minister(1 April 1957 - 1 March 1962)
Minister Portfolios
K. Kamaraj Chief Minister, Public, Planning and Development (including Local development Works, Women's Welfare, Community Projects and Rural Welfare), National Extension Scheme
M. Bhaktavatsalam Home
C. Subramaniam Finance
R. Venkataraman Industries
M. A. Manickavelu Naicker Revenue
P. Kakkan Works
V. Ramaiah Electricity
Lourdhammal Simon Local Administration
Kamaraj's Third Cabinet
Kamaraj's council of ministers during his third tenure as Chief Minister(3 March 1962 - 2 October 1963)
minister Portfolios
K. Kamaraj Chief Minister, Public, Planning and Development (including Local development Works, Women's Welfare, Community Projects and Rural Welfare), National Extension Scheme
M. Bhaktavatsalam Finance and Education
Jothi Venkatachalam Public Health
R. Venkataraman Revenue
S. M. Abdul Majid Local Administration
P. Kakkan Agriculture
V. Ramaiah Public Works and Revenue
N. Nallasenapathi Sarkarai Mandradiar Cooperation and Forests
G. Bhuvaraghan Publicity and Information
Electoral history
Year Post Constituency Party Opponent Election Result
1937 M.L.A Sattur INC Unopposed 1937 elections Won
1946 M.L.A Sattur-Aruppukottai INC Unopposed 1946 elections Won
1952 M.P Srivilliputtur INC G. D. Naidu Indian General Elections, 1951 Won
1954 M.L.A Gudiyatham INC V. K. Kothandaraman By Election Won
1957 M.L.A Sattur INC Jayarama Reddiar Madras legislative assembly election, 1957 Won
1962 M.L.A Sattur INC P. Ramamoorthy Madras legislative assembly election, 1962 Won
1967 M.L.A Virudhunagar INC P. Seenivasan Tamil Nadu state assembly election, 1967 Lost
1969 M.P Nagercoil INC M. Mathias By Election Won
1971 M.P Nagercoil INC (O) M. C. Balan Indian General Elections, 1971 Won
Leaving the congress
When the Congress split in 1969, Kamaraj became the leader of the INC (O) in Tamil Nadu. The party fared poorly in the 1971 elections. He remained as the leader of INC (O) till his death in 1975.
Advice to his ministers
Kamaraj gave a simple advice to his ministers, "Face the problem. Don't evade it. Find a solution, however small. People will be satisfied if you do something." Followed by him a number of Central and State ministers like Lal Bahadur Shastri, Jagjivan Ram, Satyendra Narayan Sinha, Morarji Desai and S.K. Patil followed suit and resigned from their posts. In 1964, Kamaraj was elected 'Congress President' and he successfully navigated the party and the nation through the stormy years following Nehru's death. Kamaraj’s political maturity came in full view when Nehru died in 1964. How he settled the succession issue for the Prime Ministership was amply proved by his choice of Lal Bahadur Shastri and Indira Gandhi in succession.
Death
On October 2, 1975, Kamaraj died in his sleep. He was awarded India's highest civilian honour, the 'Bharat Ratna' posthumously in 1976.
Popular culture
In 2004 a Tamil Movie about his life was released titled "Kamaraj". The English version of the film was released on DVD in 2007.
ANTI CORRPUTION DAY-JULY 15 KAMARAJ NADAR BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION
ANTI CORRPUTION DAY-JULY 15 KAMARAJ NADAR BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION
venue:sathyan smarakam,museum junction,trivandrum,kerala
time:2:00 to 7:00 pm
kamaraj film:2.00 t0 4.35
meeting:5:00 to 7:00 pm
contact no:09495941157(jijo william nadar)
https://www.facebook.com/events/730831310289117/permalink/737243162981265/time:2:00 to 7:00 pm
kamaraj film:2.00 t0 4.35
meeting:5:00 to 7:00 pm
contact no:09495941157(jijo william nadar)
Agasthya muni
Agasthya muni is considered as the member of 'Chantoor'(nadar) community and today also known as the grand master of the sidha medical practice and creator of ancient martial art form of Kalaripayattu'.whic is praticed only by nadar community.some people considered him as the kula guru of nadar community
A request to people of Pandiya kulam:
A request to people of Pandiya kulam:
1) Nadars, who are ancient people of the world, Pandiyan ancestral pure tamils, are the second largest population in tamil nadu. if we see whether nadar got govt job, education, rights based on the percentage, it is a disappointment. For this there is a solution.
2) now there is a caste wise census is also being conducted population like 1931 caste wise census conducted during british rule.
3) It is requested that using this good chance, the nadars, who spread over 234 assembly constituency, should declare/register their caste as NADAR instead of registering the nadar subcaste namely Shanar, Gramini, Mooper, mukkanthar, karukkupattayaththaar, pandiyakulaththaar, kodikkaalar, chervai, chetti, kshatriyar. After that it should be reconfirmed. Moreover, such awareness should be spread to our caste people through our uravinmurai, youth, ladies
pls share with u friends and relatives bro
1) Nadars, who are ancient people of the world, Pandiyan ancestral pure tamils, are the second largest population in tamil nadu. if we see whether nadar got govt job, education, rights based on the percentage, it is a disappointment. For this there is a solution.
2) now there is a caste wise census is also being conducted population like 1931 caste wise census conducted during british rule.
3) It is requested that using this good chance, the nadars, who spread over 234 assembly constituency, should declare/register their caste as NADAR instead of registering the nadar subcaste namely Shanar, Gramini, Mooper, mukkanthar, karukkupattayaththaar, pandiyakulaththaar, kodikkaalar, chervai, chetti, kshatriyar. After that it should be reconfirmed. Moreover, such awareness should be spread to our caste people through our uravinmurai, youth, ladies
pls share with u friends and relatives bro
Ananthapadmanabhan NADAR
Ananthapadmanabhan NADAR
Ananthapadmanabhan was born at a house of 64 rooms in Thachanvilai in Kannannoor in the Venad nation in them Kollam year Chingam 24, 873 (1698 A.D.) to Thanumalaya Perumal Asan and Lekshmi Devi. Thachan vilai islocated in the present day Veyyannoor Village of the Kalkulam Taluk in Kanyakumari District in Tamil Nadu state in India.
His father named him Ananthan Perumal, after the name of his grandfather. He had two brothers- Ponnam Perumal and Mayakonda Perumal –and two sisters – Thankapazham and Saraswathi Devi.
His maternal uncle called him Padmanabhan. It was his pet name.
Some of his relatives called him either as Babu Arasan or as Ela Veera Rajan.
Later, King Marthanda Varma clubbed Ananthan and Padmanabhan and called him Ananthapadmanabhan.
Thanumalaya Perumal, was a descendant of the Thiruppapur Royal Family. This family traces its origin to a kingdom called Ay kingdom and later Chera kingdom.
Thanumalaya Perumal had over one hundred slaves.
Thanumalaya Perumal had been the Principal Commander of King Rama Varma. He had been in charge of making weapons. Moreover, he was in charge of the armoury of Venad. Besides, he was the head of 108 martial arts - called kalari - training centres.
Ananthapadmanabhan was born at a house of 64 rooms in Thachanvilai in Kannannoor in the Venad nation in them Kollam year Chingam 24, 873 (1698 A.D.) to Thanumalaya Perumal Asan and Lekshmi Devi. Thachan vilai islocated in the present day Veyyannoor Village of the Kalkulam Taluk in Kanyakumari District in Tamil Nadu state in India.
His father named him Ananthan Perumal, after the name of his grandfather. He had two brothers- Ponnam Perumal and Mayakonda Perumal –and two sisters – Thankapazham and Saraswathi Devi.
His maternal uncle called him Padmanabhan. It was his pet name.
Some of his relatives called him either as Babu Arasan or as Ela Veera Rajan.
Later, King Marthanda Varma clubbed Ananthan and Padmanabhan and called him Ananthapadmanabhan.
Thanumalaya Perumal, was a descendant of the Thiruppapur Royal Family. This family traces its origin to a kingdom called Ay kingdom and later Chera kingdom.
Thanumalaya Perumal had over one hundred slaves.
Thanumalaya Perumal had been the Principal Commander of King Rama Varma. He had been in charge of making weapons. Moreover, he was in charge of the armoury of Venad. Besides, he was the head of 108 martial arts - called kalari - training centres.
issues of kerala nadar's
why new rules only for nadar community????
we want to react such things otherwise they will continue to do this to our community people......
they now also like to think that we dosent have unity it is the time to react
what is the problem to people to give caste certificate our community people??
course:malayala manorama,page no:15,date:13 oct 2014 trivandrum edition
we want to react such things otherwise they will continue to do this to our community people......
they now also like to think that we dosent have unity it is the time to react
what is the problem to people to give caste certificate our community people??
course:malayala manorama,page no:15,date:13 oct 2014 trivandrum edition
nadar kula makkal sangam calendar
nadar kula makkal sangam calendar
Dear bro's and sis's,
Nadar Kula Makkal Sangam(facebook group) is very much glad to inform you that we are going to introduce nadar calender first timein kerala history.
The calender contain the details and photos of 12 renowned nadar people from kerala depending on the month which they born.
We are aimming to bring the renowned nadar people in front of society and to give them a good place in our people mind.
If you know any renowned nadar personalties from your area please write to us with his
*Full name
*Date of birth
*Date of death
*Photo
*Achievements etc
email:jijowilliamnadar@gmail.c om
phone no:+919495941157,+919947634578
Dear bro's and sis's,
Nadar Kula Makkal Sangam(facebook group) is very much glad to inform you that we are going to introduce nadar calender first timein kerala history.
The calender contain the details and photos of 12 renowned nadar people from kerala depending on the month which they born.
We are aimming to bring the renowned nadar people in front of society and to give them a good place in our people mind.
If you know any renowned nadar personalties from your area please write to us with his
*Full name
*Date of birth
*Date of death
*Photo
*Achievements etc
email:jijowilliamnadar@gmail.c
phone no:+919495941157,+919947634578
Monday, 6 October 2014
nadar books
A NEW BOOK PUBLISHED BY OUR BELOVED WRITTER Dr Immanuel Muthunayagom
" The Forgotten Dynasty Behind The Biggest Hoards Of India"
The rulers of Chera, Chola and Pandya Kingdoms of South India were from the same family roots, and were brothers. They had a very great tradition from 10000 to 30000 of years. They were Chandors. They built their capital even in 2220 BC in Goa. Their language was Tamil. The first historian of the world, Herodotus points out that those people were known as the Panis who were later known to the world as the “Palm-Asians, and still later as the Phoenicians”. Those Panis (Panayan) were great merchant guilds sailing the seas to Greek, Ionia, Egypt, etc. They parted the art of writing to the foreign countries. Some Pharos of Egypt are known to be of these people. They had relations with the Hittites, Chaldeans etc. They were great warriors and sailors. Toddy taping was one of their professions in addition to hunting and trade. These ancient people were connected with Palmyra Palm and also with the Boddhi tree (tree of knowledge) of Saint Sri Buddha. Their identity and history is almost lost except in some Copper-plates, Inscriptions and the old Tamil literature. The Persian, Arabian and Western invasions to India have almost erased the history of these people. The last king of their tradition was abducted from his ancestral Palace in 1810 AD and was killed. The ancestral Palace gone to his descendants could not be claimed by his relatives in the newly developed political circumstances. History been marred and camouflaged. In the year 2011, a very huge Hoard of treasures were detected in a temple at Trivandrum. It contained many Crowns of the early kings of this dynasty. But, the mother Palace, Eraniyel, and the people behind it were sidelined by new social groups. This book, in addition to tracing out the original dynasty, its root and history, tries to feed new life to a neglected and ‘Forgotten Dynasty’ and people who were once the apostles of Culture and civilization in the world. The author supplies evidences from literature, traditions, a number of Copper plates, inscriptional and documental evidences to prove his arguments extending to several centuries ahead of this present age.
YOU CAN BUY THIS BOOK FROM AMAZON:
http://www.amazon.in/Forgotten-Dynasty-Behind-Biggest-Hoards/dp/1501074474/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1410750816&sr=8-1&keywords=Dynasty+Behind+the+Biggest+Hoards+of+India
" The Forgotten Dynasty Behind The Biggest Hoards Of India"
The rulers of Chera, Chola and Pandya Kingdoms of South India were from the same family roots, and were brothers. They had a very great tradition from 10000 to 30000 of years. They were Chandors. They built their capital even in 2220 BC in Goa. Their language was Tamil. The first historian of the world, Herodotus points out that those people were known as the Panis who were later known to the world as the “Palm-Asians, and still later as the Phoenicians”. Those Panis (Panayan) were great merchant guilds sailing the seas to Greek, Ionia, Egypt, etc. They parted the art of writing to the foreign countries. Some Pharos of Egypt are known to be of these people. They had relations with the Hittites, Chaldeans etc. They were great warriors and sailors. Toddy taping was one of their professions in addition to hunting and trade. These ancient people were connected with Palmyra Palm and also with the Boddhi tree (tree of knowledge) of Saint Sri Buddha. Their identity and history is almost lost except in some Copper-plates, Inscriptions and the old Tamil literature. The Persian, Arabian and Western invasions to India have almost erased the history of these people. The last king of their tradition was abducted from his ancestral Palace in 1810 AD and was killed. The ancestral Palace gone to his descendants could not be claimed by his relatives in the newly developed political circumstances. History been marred and camouflaged. In the year 2011, a very huge Hoard of treasures were detected in a temple at Trivandrum. It contained many Crowns of the early kings of this dynasty. But, the mother Palace, Eraniyel, and the people behind it were sidelined by new social groups. This book, in addition to tracing out the original dynasty, its root and history, tries to feed new life to a neglected and ‘Forgotten Dynasty’ and people who were once the apostles of Culture and civilization in the world. The author supplies evidences from literature, traditions, a number of Copper plates, inscriptional and documental evidences to prove his arguments extending to several centuries ahead of this present age.
YOU CAN BUY THIS BOOK FROM AMAZON:
http://www.amazon.in/Forgotten-Dynasty-Behind-Biggest-Hoards/dp/1501074474/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1410750816&sr=8-1&keywords=Dynasty+Behind+the+Biggest+Hoards+of+India
Perunthalaivar Kamarajar death anniversary
Remembering Perunthalaivar Kamaraj on his death anniversary today.
On July 15, 1903, in a tiny town of Virdunagar, Tamil Nadu, and a little baby boy was born. His parents Kumaraswamy Nadar and Sivakami Ammal named him Kumaraswamy Kamaraj Nadar.
Kamaraj's father, Kumarswamy Nadar, who belonged to a family of traders, was a coconut merchant who sold and traded coconuts for a living. Their family was not rich and Kamaraj, right from his babyhood led a simple and a humble life. Kamaraj's mother Sivakamitada soft corner for her little son and called him "Raja" affectionately.
When Raja turned three, she enrolled him at the local elementary school, the Nayanar Vidyalaya close to his home. By and by he was shifted to a bigger school Kshatriya Vidyalaya, which provided high schooling at that time.
But tragedy struck their family. His father died unexpectedly within a year of Kamaraj's enrollment in school. His peaceful life was thoroughly disrupted, as there was no other earning member in the house.
Following his fathers death, Kamaraj fearfully asked his mother, "What are we going to do for a living, mother?"
Kamaraj's mother Sivakami, a woman of great determination replied, "I will sell all the jewellery I have and sustain you my dear Raja. Why do you worry? You will continue to go to school".
Thus, she sold all the jewels she had except her earrings. She deposited the money with a local Merchant and cared single handedly for the entire family on the monthly interest that the money earned.
Kamaraj was not a good student in school and dropped out when he was twelve years old. Thus his schooling lasted only for a few years. His relatives scolded him for his slackness.
One day Karuppiah, his maternal uncle called him aside and said, "Kamaraj you are so backward in studies. You might as well join me as apprentice in my cloth shop. I think that is the best thing for you."
Kamaraj readily agreed for the change.
When he was 15 years of age, the Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place in the country where the British as a sign of resentment towards the Indian freedom struggle, opened fire killing hundreds of innocent people. When Kamaraj heard this, he was touched and furious.
He told himself,” I will not sit quiet. I will join in India's struggle for freedom." The massacre was the turning point in his life.
Little Kamaraj loved to attend public meetings addressed by orators like Dr. Varadarajulu Naidu and George Joseph for the cause of the freedom struggle He would slip out from his uncle's shop to join processions and attend the meetings.
His relatives frowned upon Kamaraj's budding interest in politics and frequently chided him. They sent him to Thiruvananthapuram to work at another uncle's clock shop. But even in Thiruvananthapuram Kamaraj's fire for the country's freedom could not be quenched. There he participated in the Vaikom Satyagraha led by George Joseph of the Congress, against the atrocities of the higher caste Hindus on the Harijans much to the annoyance of his family.
Two years later when Kamaraj was seventeen, he saw Gandhiji at Madurai. He was struck by his simplicity and his non-violent attitude towards India's freedom struggle.
His relatives called him aside and said, "Kamaraj politics is not good for you. It is time you get married and settle down. You will be happy then."
But Kamaraj was stubborn and he declared his decision, "This is the path that I will choose. Please do not stop me. I will not get married."
Thus Kamaraj resolutely refused to bow to the dictates of his elders. And at such a young age he became a dedicated member of the Indian National Congress and enrolled himself as full-time worker.
Kamaraj was content for years to remain a Congress volunteer, working hard for the cause of the freedom movement. He was neither worried of his personal comfort nor did he care for higher placements in his career
When Kamaraj was 18, Gandhiji started the non-cooperation movement against the British. Kamaraj was one of the first to respond. He carried on the Propaganda in the villages, raised funds for Congress Work and took a leading part in organizing meetings.
Satyamurthy, one of the greatest orators and a fading figure of the Tamilnadu Congress Committee met Kamaraj when he was twenty. Later on he turned out to be Kamaraj's political guru and main source of inspiration.
Satyamurthy praising Kamaraj said, "He is the most efficient, loyal, indefatigable worker and skillful organizer I have ever seen"
Both of them developed a deep friendship and complemented each other's skills very well. They made a great team together much to the delight of the Congress leaders.
In April 1930, Kamaraj joined the Salt Satyagraha Movement at Vedaranyam. The British government sentenced him to two years of imprisonment for his active participation. This was his first term in prison. He was 27 at the time of arrest.
Following this, Kamaraj was implicated in the Virudhunagar Bomb Case two years later. Dr. Varadarajulu Naidu and George Joseph, who by then knew the faithful little boy who attended every one of their meetings, argued on his behalf and proved the charges to be baseless.
But his jail going did not stop there. It almost became a part of his career. He was arrested now and again, and in all he went to prison six times and spent more than 3,000 days in British Jails.
When he entered mainstream politics, he felt handicapped and realized the importance of a good education.
But Kamaraj who was strong-minded decided, "I will not feel sorry for myself. I shall start studying again."
Thus, he educated himself during his periods of imprisonment and even learned English from his coworker.
While still in jail, Kamaraj was elected Chairman to the Municipal Council. Nine months later upon his release, Kamaraj went straight to the Municipality and tendered his resignation from his post.
When people asked him why he did so, he calmly replied "one should not accept any post to which one could not do full justice."
When Kamaraj was 33, Satyamurthy, his good friend and guru was elected President of the Provincial Congress. Following this he appointed Kamaraj as the General Secretary. Four years later they swapped positions. The party base was very much strengthened under their leadership.
When Kamaraj was 38, Gandhiji asked him to spread propaganda material for the Quit India movement. He was arrested once more on that account and was sentenced to three years in the Amaravath' prison. While in prison, his spirit was not deterred .read books and continued his self-education within the four walls.
Kamaraj kept his word and remained a bachelor throughout. He chose not to marry, as he was fully dedicated to the country's freedom struggle movement. Finally his efforts did pay off and when he was forty- four years of age, India became free.
By then, Kamaraj's guru Satyamurthy had already passed away. So deep was Kamaraj's devotion for him that when India gained independence, he first went to Satyamurthy's house and hoisted the Indian flag there.
On April 13, 1954, K. Kamaraj was elected the Chief Minister of Madras. To everyone's surprise, Kamaraj nominated C. Subramaniam and M. Bhakthavatsalam, who had contested his leadership, to the newly formed cabinet.
Kamaraj gave simple advice to his ministers, "Face the problem. Don't evade it. Find a solution, however small. People will be satisfied if you do something."
Under Kamaraj's guidance, the State made immense strides in education and trade. New schools were opened-, better facilities were added to existing ones. No village remained without a primary school and no panchayat without a high school. Kamaraj himself, though hardly attended school, did not stop in striving to eradicate illiteracy. He introduced free and compulsory education up to eleventh standard.
He introduced the Midday Meals Scheme to provide at least one meal per day to the lakhs of poor children. He introduced free school uniforms to weed out caste, creed and class distinctions among young minds.
Kamaraj was a firm believer of Gandhiji's principles. He said, "Mahatmaji not only spread the message freedom to the farthest comers of India, but also devoted his attention to the eradication of poverty and misery among the masses. That's is what I intend to do"
During Kamaraj's administration, a number of irrigation schemes were completed in record time. The Land Ceiling Act and the Tenancy Protection Act benefited small farmers and saved them from being exploited by landlords. Medium and small scale industries prospered in the midst of large industries making Madras one of the leaders in industrialization.
Nehru who was the Prime Minister then complimented Kamaraj saying, “Madras (renamed State of Tamil Nadu) is the best administered State in India."
Kamaraj remained Chief Minister for three consecutive terms. On October 2, 1963, almost nine years since he had become the chief minister, he resigned his post to serve a greater purpose. He noticed that the Congress party was slowly losing its vigor and came up with a plan, which was called the "Kamaraj Plan."
He proposed that all senior Congress leaders should resign form their posts and devote all their energy to the re-vitalization of the Congress. A number of Central and State ministers like Lai Bahadur Shastri, Jagjivan Ram, Morarji Desai and S.K. Patil followed suite and resigned from their posts. Kamaraj was then elected the President of the All India Congress and he successfully navigated the nation through the stormy years following Nehru's death.
On October 2, 1975, the day celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti, Kamaraj awoke from his afternoon nap feeling uneasy. He was 72 years of age,
His housekeeper, Vairavan worried said, "I will bring in the physician sir."
While he was on his way out, Kamaraj said, "Vairavan, put out the lights when you go out."
K. Kamaraj died before he came back. He was honoured with the highest civilian honor, the Bharat Ratna, posthumously in 1976.
He was perhaps the first non-English knowing Chief Minister in India. But it was during the nine years of his leadership that Tamilnadu came to be known as one of the best administered States in India.
He may not be with us but his contribution to India continues to live on through us.....
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